Ana amfani da polyurethane ko'ina a cikin aikace-aikacen ilimin halitta kamar fatar wucin gadi, gadon asibiti, bututun dialysis, abubuwan bugun bugun zuciya, catheters, da kayan aikin tiyata.Kwayoyin halitta, kayan aikin injiniya, da ƙananan farashi sune manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da nasarar polyurethane a fannin likitanci.

Ci gaban abubuwan da aka sanyawa yawanci yana buƙatar babban abun ciki na abubuwan da aka gyara na biobased, saboda jiki ya ƙi su ƙasa.A cikin yanayin polyurethane, biocomponent na iya bambanta daga 30 zuwa 70%, wanda ke haifar da fa'ida ga aikace-aikace a cikin waɗannan wuraren.2).Polyurethanes na biobased suna haɓaka kason su na kasuwa kuma ana tsammanin ya kai kusan dala miliyan 42 nan da 2022, wanda shine ɗan ƙaramin kaso na kasuwar polyurethane gabaɗaya (kasa da 0.1%).Duk da haka, yanki ne mai ban sha'awa, kuma ana ci gaba da gudanar da bincike mai zurfi game da amfani da ƙarin kayan da aka gina a cikin polyurethane.Ana buƙatar haɓakawa a cikin kaddarorin polyurethane na biobased don dacewa da buƙatun da ake dasu, don haɓaka saka hannun jari.

Biobased crystalline polyurethane an haɗa shi ta hanyar amsawar PCL, HMDI, da ruwa wanda ya taka rawar sarkar sarkar (33).An yi gwaje-gwajen lalata don nazarin kwanciyar hankali na biopolyurethane a cikin simintin ruwa na jiki, irin su phosphate-buffered saline solution.Canje-canje

a cikin thermal, inji, da kaddarorin jiki an bincika kuma idan aka kwatanta da daidai

polyurethane da aka samu ta hanyar amfani da ethylene glycol azaman sarkar sarkar maimakon ruwa.Sakamakon ya nuna cewa polyurethane da aka samu ta yin amfani da ruwa a matsayin sarkar sarkar ya gabatar da mafi kyawun kaddarorin a tsawon lokaci idan aka kwatanta da kwatankwacin man petrochemical.Wannan ba kawai yana raguwa sosai ba

farashin tsari, amma kuma yana ba da hanya mai sauƙi don samun kayan aikin likita masu ƙima waɗanda suka dace da haɗin gwiwa endoprostheses (33).Wannan ya biyo bayan wata hanyar da ta dogara da wannan ra'ayi, wanda ya haɗa urea biopolyurethane ta hanyar amfani da polyol mai tushen fyade, PCL, HMDI, da ruwa a matsayin mai shimfiɗa sarkar (6).Don ƙara sararin samaniya, an yi amfani da sodium chlorine don inganta porosity na polymers da aka shirya.An yi amfani da polymer ɗin da aka haɗa a matsayin ɓangarorin saboda tsarinsa mai ƙura don haifar da haɓakar ƙwayar kasusuwa.Tare da irin wannan sakamako idan aka kwatanta

zuwa misalin da ya gabata, polyurethane wanda aka fallasa zuwa simintin ruwa na jiki ya gabatar da babban kwanciyar hankali, yana ba da zaɓi mai dacewa don aikace-aikacen scaffold.Polyurethane ionomers wani nau'i ne mai ban sha'awa na polymers da aka yi amfani da su don aikace-aikacen ilimin halitta, sakamakon rashin daidaituwarsu da ma'amala mai kyau tare da yanayin jiki.Ana iya amfani da polyurethane ionomers azaman abubuwan haɗin bututu don masu bugun zuciya da hemodialysis (34, 35).

Samar da ingantaccen tsarin ba da magunguna wani yanki ne mai mahimmanci na bincike wanda a halin yanzu ya mayar da hankali kan nemo hanyoyin magance cutar kansa.An shirya nanoparticle amphiphilic na polyurethane bisa L-lysine don aikace-aikacen isar da ƙwayoyi (36).Wannan nanocarrier

an ɗora shi da kyau tare da doxorubicin, wanda shine ingantaccen magani ga ƙwayoyin cutar kansa (Hoto 16).Sassan hydrophobic na polyurethane sunyi hulɗa tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi, kuma sassan hydrophilic suna hulɗa tare da sel.Wannan tsarin ya haifar da tsari mai mahimmanci ta hanyar haɗin kai

na'ura kuma ya sami damar isar da magunguna da kyau ta hanyoyi biyu.Na farko, martanin thermal na nanoparticle ya yi aiki a matsayin faɗakarwa a cikin sakin miyagun ƙwayoyi a zazzabin ƙwayar cutar kansa (~ 41-43 ° C), wanda shine martanin extracellular.Na biyu, sassan aliphatic na polyurethane sun sha wahala

enzymatic biodegradation ta hanyar lysosomes, kyale doxorubicin a saki a cikin kwayar cutar kansa;wannan amsa ce ta cikin salula.Fiye da kashi 90% na ƙwayoyin cutar kansar nono an kashe su, yayin da aka kiyaye ƙarancin cytotoxicity don ƙwayoyin lafiya.

Hoto 16. Gabaɗaya makirci don tsarin isar da ƙwayoyi bisa tushen nanoparticle na polyurethane amphiphilic

don kai hari ga kwayoyin cutar kansa. Sake bugawa tare da izini daga tunani(36).Haƙƙin mallaka 2019 Chemical American

Al'umma.

Sanarwa: An nakalto labarin dagaGabatarwa ga Polyurethane ChemistryFelipe M. de Souza, 1 Pawan K. Kahol, 2 da kuma Ram K.Gupta *,1.Sai kawai don sadarwa da koyo, kada ku yi wasu dalilai na kasuwanci, baya wakiltar ra'ayi da ra'ayoyin kamfanin, idan kuna buƙatar sake bugawa, tuntuɓi marubucin asali, idan akwai ƙetare, da fatan za a tuntuɓe mu nan da nan don yin sharewa.