Fasaha |Abin da Abubuwan Abubuwan da ke da alaƙa da Abubuwan Abubuwan Kumfa mai Sauƙi na Polyurethane

Me yasa akwai nau'ikan kumfa na polyurethane masu sassauƙa da yawa da aikace-aikace masu yawa?Wannan shi ne saboda nau'o'in samar da albarkatun kasa, don haka kaddarorin masu sassauƙa na kumfa polyurethane da aka yi suma sun bambanta.Sa'an nan kuma, kayan da aka yi amfani da su don kumfa polyurethane mai sassauƙa Menene tasirin yanayin da aka gama?

1. Polyether polyol

A matsayin babban albarkatun kasa don samar da kumfa polyurethane mai sassauƙa, polyether polyol yana amsawa tare da isocyanate don samar da urethane, wanda shine kwarangwal na samfuran kumfa.Idan adadin polyether polyol ya karu, adadin sauran kayan albarkatun kasa (isocyanate, ruwa da mai kara kuzari, da dai sauransu) ya ragu, wanda ke da sauƙin haifar da fashewa ko rushewar samfuran kumfa mai sassauƙa na polyurethane.Idan an rage adadin polyether polyol, samfurin kumfa polyurethane mai sassauƙa da aka samu zai zama da wuya kuma za a rage elasticity, kuma jin daɗin hannun zai zama mara kyau.

2. Wakilin kumfa

Gabaɗaya, ana amfani da ruwa kawai (wakilin kumfa na sinadarai) azaman wakili mai kumfa a cikin kera tubalan polyurethane tare da yawa fiye da 21g/cm3, kuma ana amfani da ƙananan wuraren tafasa kamar methylene chloride (MC) a cikin ƙirar ƙarancin ƙima ko matsananci. - taushi formulations.Haɗaɗɗen abubuwa (masu busa na jiki) suna aiki a matsayin wakilai masu busawa.

A matsayin wakili mai busawa, ruwa yana amsawa tare da isocyanate don samar da haɗin urea kuma ya saki babban adadin CO2 da zafi.Wannan martanin martani ne na tsawaita sarkar.Yawancin ruwa, ƙananan ƙananan kumfa kuma mafi karfi da taurin.A lokaci guda kuma, ginshiƙan tantanin halitta sun zama ƙarami kuma suna da rauni, wanda ke rage ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi, kuma yana da wuyar rushewa da raguwa.Bugu da ƙari, yawan amfani da isocyanate yana ƙaruwa, kuma sakin zafi yana ƙaruwa.Yana da sauƙi don haifar da ƙwanƙwasawa.Idan adadin ruwan ya wuce sassa 5.0, dole ne a ƙara wani wakili mai kumfa don ɗaukar wani ɓangare na zafi kuma a guje wa ƙonawa.Lokacin da aka rage yawan ruwa, adadin mai kara kuzari ya ragu daidai, amma yawan kumfa mai sassauƙa na polyurethane yana ƙaruwa.

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Wakilin busawa mai taimako zai rage yawa da taurin kumfa mai sassaucin polyurethane.Tun lokacin da wakili mai busawa ya sha wani ɓangare na zafin zafi a lokacin gasification, ana rage jinkirin maganin, don haka ya zama dole don ƙara yawan adadin kuzari;a lokaci guda, saboda iskar gas ɗin yana ɗaukar wani ɓangare na zafi, ana guje wa haɗarin ƙona core.

3. Toluene diisocyanate

Polyurethane m kumfa gabaɗaya ya zaɓi T80, wato, cakuda isomers biyu na 2,4-TDI da 2,6-TDI tare da rabo na (80 ± 2)% da (20± 2)%.

Lokacin da isocyanate index ya yi girma, saman zai kasance mai tsayi na dogon lokaci, maɗaukaki na jikin kumfa zai karu, tsarin cibiyar sadarwa na kumfa zai zama m, rufaffiyar tantanin halitta zai karu, ƙimar dawowa zai ragu, kuma wani lokacin. samfurin zai fashe.

Idan ma'aunin isocyanate ya yi ƙasa da ƙasa, ƙarfin injina da juriya na kumfa za a rage, don haka kumfa ya zama mai saurin lalacewa, wanda a ƙarshe zai haifar da matsalar rashin sake maimaita tsarin kumfa;Bugu da ƙari, idan ma'aunin isocyanate ya yi ƙasa da ƙasa, zai kuma sa saitin matsawa na kumfa polyurethane ya fi girma, kuma saman kumfa yana da wuya a ji rigar.

4. Mai kara kuzari

1. Tertiary amine mai kara kuzari: A33 (trietylenediamine bayani tare da babban juzu'i na 33%) ana amfani da shi gabaɗaya, kuma aikinsa shine haɓaka halayen isocyanate da ruwa, daidaita yawan kumfa da ƙimar buɗewar kumfa, da sauransu. ., galibi don haɓaka halayen kumfa.

Idan yawan adadin amine mai kara kuzari ya yi yawa, zai sa samfuran kumfa na polyurethane su rabu, kuma za a sami pores ko kumfa a cikin kumfa;idan adadin amine mai kara kuzari ya yi ƙanƙanta sosai, sakamakon kumfa polyurethane zai ragu, rufaffiyar sel, kuma zai sa samfurin kumfa ya yi kauri.

2. Organometallic mai kara kuzari: T-9 ana amfani dashi gabaɗaya azaman mai kara kuzari na organotin octoate;T-9 ne mai kara kuzari na gel tare da babban aiki na catalytic, kuma babban aikinsa shi ne inganta halayen gel, wato, halayen da suka biyo baya.

Idan adadin mai kara kuzari na organotin ya karu da kyau, ana iya samun kumfa mai kyau na buɗaɗɗen tantanin halitta polyurethane.Ƙara yawan adadin kuzarin organotin zai sa kumfa a hankali ya yi ƙarfi, yana haifar da raguwa da rufaffiyar sel.

Rage yawan adadin amine mai kara kuzari ko ƙara yawan adadin kuzarin organotin na iya ƙara ƙarfin bangon fim ɗin kumfa na polymer lokacin da aka samar da adadin iskar gas mai yawa, ta haka yana rage yanayin fashe ko fashewa.

Ko kumfa na polyurethane yana da manufa mai buɗewa ta tantanin halitta ko tsarin rufaffiyar tantanin halitta ya dogara ne akan ko saurin amsawar gel da saurin haɓakar iskar gas suna daidaita yayin samuwar kumfa polyurethane.Ana iya samun wannan ma'auni ta hanyar daidaita nau'i da adadin adadin amine catalyst catalysis da kwantar da kumfa da sauran wakilai masu taimako a cikin tsari.

Sanarwa: An nakalto labarin dagahttps://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/JYKOaDmRNAXZEr1mO5rrPQ (haɗe-haɗe).Sai kawai don sadarwa da koyo, kada ku yi wasu dalilai na kasuwanci, baya wakiltar ra'ayi da ra'ayoyin kamfanin, idan kuna buƙatar sake bugawa, tuntuɓi marubucin asali, idan akwai ƙetare, da fatan za a tuntuɓe mu nan da nan don yin sharewa.